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  • Title: Effects of hydrophobic and hydrophilic bile salt mixtures on cholesterol crystallization in model biles.
    Author: Venneman NG, Huisman SJ, Moschetta A, vanBerge-Henegouwen GP, van Erpecum KJ.
    Journal: Biochim Biophys Acta; 2002 Jul 11; 1583(2):221-8. PubMed ID: 12117566.
    Abstract:
    UNLABELLED: The hydrophilic bile salt ursodeoxycholate is frequently used to dissolve cholesterol gallstones. We have now quantitated crystallization as a function of bile salt hydrophobicity, phospholipid content, cholesterol saturation and total lipid concentration (TLCo). METHODS: Crystallization in supersaturated model biles with low phospholipid contents (left two-phase-micelles and crystal-containing-zone) was assessed during 21 days by microscopy and chemical measurement of crystal mass. For model biles with higher phospholipid contents (central three-phase-micelles, vesicles and crystal-containing-zone), lipid distribution into various phases was determined by combined ultracentrifugation-filtration-dialysis methodology (Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1532 (2001) 15-27). RESULTS: In the left two-phase zone, crystal numbers and masses were highest in case of more hydrophilic bile salt composition (TUDC 100%>TC/TUDC 70%/30%>TC 100%>TC/TDC 70%/30%>TDC 100%) and decreased with increasing phospholipid contents, lower TLCo and lower cholesterol saturation index (CSI). In contrast, in the presence of vesicles (three-phase zone), crystallization decreased at increasing bile salt hydrophilicity, with concomitant increased vesicular cholesterol solubilization. CONCLUSIONS: Presence of vesicular phases is a prerequisite for inhibition of cholesterol crystallization by tauroursodeoxycholate.
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