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  • Title: Twiddler's syndrome: an unusual cause of pacemaker malfunction.
    Author: Young KR, Bailey WM.
    Journal: J La State Med Soc; 2002; 154(3):152-3. PubMed ID: 12139362.
    Abstract:
    Sinus nodal dysfunction is common in the elderly and frequently requires a permanent cardiac pacemaker. Current pacemakers are extremely reliable but require ongoing monitoring to detect battery depletion and component or lead failure. This report describes a patient's manipulation of the pacemaker generator and proximal leads within the subcutaneous pocket with lead fracture and device malfunction. Diagnosis by chest X-ray and surgical revision are portrayed. Awareness of Twiddler's syndrome remains the key to its diagnosis.
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