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  • Title: Hysterosalpingographic changes due to long term effect of intrauterine device.
    Author: Achari K, Kundra VL.
    Journal: J Obstet Gynaecol India; 1974 Jun; 24(3):293-7. PubMed ID: 12156553.
    Abstract:
    The incidence of pelvic inflammatory disease associated with the use of intrauterine devices (IUD) was studied. Hysterosalpingography was done 15 days after IUD removal on 100 women who had worn an IUD from 6 to 36 months. 10% of the cases showed bilateral tubal blockage, 5% had 1 tube blocked, and 85% showed both tubes patent. The incidence of blockage seemed to increased with the increase in the times of IUD retention. In the 85% where there was no tubal blockage, there was a minimal amount of cellular infiltration in the endometrium. It was concluded that cases who have a marked degree of inflammatory cell infiltration are likely to develop ascending infection to the Fallopian tube, which may lead to permanent involvement of the tubal structure.
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