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  • Title: Mauritania.
    Author: United States. Department of State. Bureau of Public Affairs. Office of Public Communication.
    Journal: Backgr Notes Ser; 1992 Jul; ():1-7. PubMed ID: 12178046.
    Abstract:
    Mauritania with an area of 1,085,760 sq. km (419,212 sq. miles) is slightly larger than Texas and New Mexico combined. Its estimated population in 1990 was 2 million with an annual growth rate of 2.9% and an adult rate of 17%. The infant mortality rate is 125/1000 live births; and life expectancy is 46 years. It gained independence on November 28, 1960. Most of its inhabitants are either nomadic herders or settled farmers who live within a subsistence economy. Livestock raising has traditionally generated about 1/4 of the gross domestic product and involved almost 1/3 of the total working population, but since 1983 livestock has been reduced by drought. Between 1981 and 1991 the US provided about 170,000 metric tons of food aid, in addition to bilateral and regional economic assistance. From 1983 through 1989, exports of fish products were Mauritania's leading source of foreign revenue. Participation in the Western Sahara war from 1975 to 1978 proved an expensive disaster, and in 1992 the International Monetary fund and the World Bank negotiated with the government to reform the economy. Between 1983 and 1991, the US provided $67.3 million in development assistance. Following the 1989 rupture between Mauritania and Senegal that resulted in the deportation of tens of thousands of Mauritanian citizens, relations between the US and Mauritania reached a low in the spring of 1991, and the USAID mission in Mauritania halted its activities. Since late 1991 Mauritania has sought to restore stable relations with the US however, all US assistance is suspended until a judicial resolution of the human rights situation is found.
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