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  • Title: [Elements of a better understanding and evaluation of population policy in the Dominican Republic].
    Author: Ortega MM.
    Journal: Estud Soc; 1974; 7(1-2):53-70. PubMed ID: 12179411.
    Abstract:
    This work has 3 objectives: to clarify the concept of population policy, to examine different theoretical approaches to the analysis of a national population policy, and to describe the origin, development, and present characteristics of the population policy of the Dominican Republic. The concept of population policy is often confused with the related concepts of responsible parenthood, family planning, and birth or population control. Population policy may be defined as a coherent group of declarations, decisions, and actions following a rational strategy which, as part of a national development plan, is formulated and implemented by the state and additional social institutions in accordance with national needs. Its final goal is the protection and development of human resources through influencing population characteristics. Although recent attempts to apply the methods of political analysis to the area of population policy all suffer from limitations, 4 frameworks which respectively look at the 3 levels of population policy (the philosophic-ideologic, the scientific, and the practical); at the division of population policy into declarations, decisions, programs, and results; at criteria for evaluating the probability of success of a population policy; and at the stages of development of population policies in dependent countries can be of assistance in understanding and evaluating the population policy of the Dominican Republic. Until 1961, the end of the Trujillo era, a pronatalist attitude predominated in the Dominican Republic, prompted in part by fears of an aggressive and densely populated Haiti sharing the same island. From 1962-66, a gradual change in attitudes began in the private sector as various groups began quiet efforts at family planning and the Dominican Association for Family Welfare was formed and became an affiliate of the International Planned Parenthood Federation. During this stage the government remained neutral or offered quiet support, such as allowing tax-free importation of contraceptives. In the next stage, the government became more concerned with the population problem, culminating in the incorporation of free family planning services into the maternal-child health program. In the 4th stage of development, from 1968-73, a national family planning program was created according to a 5-Year Plan covering 1969-73 whose goal was a birth rate decline from 48/1000 in 1969 to 38/1000 by 1973. In the 5th stage, financial and technical aid from the Population Council was augmented by a closer link to UNFPA.
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