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  • Title: Allaying the fears in the use of intrauterine devices.
    Author: Ibekwe J.
    Journal: Dly Times; 1992 Sep 10; ():7. PubMed ID: 12179503.
    Abstract:
    Women's perceptions of the hazards of birth control devices centers on fears of sterility from IUD use and the permanence of bilateral tubal ligation. In March, 1992, an International Conference on the IUD gathered scientists and physicians from around the world to compare and contrast research findings on the risk and benefits of IUD use. Scientific examination pertained to IUD clinical performance, mechanisms of action, medical problems and their prevention, ectopic pregnancy, infertility, and post removed conception rates. Some of the findings were summarized. 1) The copper T 380 was recommended by WHO, because of the very low pregnancy rates, the long duration and relative ease of use, and low manufacturing costs. 2) IUD users, who are at low risk of contracting sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), do not have an elevated risk of pelvic inflammatory diseases (PID) due to use. Those who have multiple partners are strongly advised to use other forms of contraception. 3) Pregnancy rates are high after discontinuation; 80% conceive in the first year, and 90% within 2 years. 4) The mechanism of action is to decrease the number of viable sperm and interfere with egg transport, before the fertilization process. 5) The monofilament string is not associated with an increased risk of PID; PID is related to introduction of bacteria during insertion. 6) The IUD may be unsuitable in areas with high prevalence of STDs and/or anemia; screening may present a challenge. In areas with poor infrastructure, IUD use can be optimized by improving method selection and providing interventions for those who may develop problems. consensus was very high that all women planning IUD use should be screened for risk of infections that could lead to PID. Clients would need to be interviewed about their own sexual behavior and the behavior of their male partners. If programs are not capable of identifying women at risk or testing and treating STDs, the IUD should either not be used or be used only if incidence of venereal disease is low.
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