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  • Title: Pharmacologic approaches to contraception in men.
    Author: Shearer SB.
    Journal: Drug Ther (NY); 1977 Jan; 7(1):72-4. PubMed ID: 12229590.
    Abstract:
    Recent research in methods of fertility control for men is reviewed. The 3 pharmacologic modes of action that can be suppressed in the male include: 1) formation of sperm by the testes; 2) maturation of sperm within the epididymis; or 3) transport of sperm from the testes through the epididymis, vas deferens, and urethra. Drugs to interfere with these processes have been identified. The most advanced method of interference with sperm production entails steroid suppression of gonadal function, through inhibition of gonadotropin release by the pituitary gland. Estrogens; progestins; androgens, including anabolic agents; and antiandrogens are among the steroids clinically tested. The use of combined androgens and progestins seems promising. Antimetabolic agents that suppress spermatogenesis or interrupt spermatozoal development by blocking a critical process seem less likely to become clinically available. An alternative approach is through interference with sperm maturation. A number of drugs abolish the ability to ejaculate semen while retaining the capacity for erection and orgasm, but they all have serious side effects. Synthesis and identification of analogs with specific action on the short adrenergic neurons of the male reproductive tract will be required for this approach to male contraception.
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