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  • Title: Employment of women and fertility: a field study in El-Waily district, Cairo.
    Author: Morcors W.
    Journal: Egypt Popul Fam Plann Rev; 1974 Jun; 7(1):21-9. PubMed ID: 12257565.
    Abstract:
    Because studies in industrialized countries have shown that working women want, and have, less children than nonworking women, the relationship between working women and fertility in the developing nation of Egypt and the attitudes and behavior influencing the fertility of working women were investigated. A random sample of 100 20-45 year old working wives from the diverse El-Waily district of Cairo, was selected. A control group of 100 nonworking women was selected to match, as closely as possible, the age, educational level, occupation of husband, and family economic level of the study group. A significant relationship between the employment of women and fertility was found at the .01 level, but only among educated women. There was also a significant difference (p.01) in the average number of living children born to working and nonworking wives. There were no significant differences relating to the mean number of child deaths or the average number of miscarriages. Working and nonworking wives were both found to want small families, but the husbands of nonworking wives wanted a significantly larger family than husbands of working wives. No significant differences were found regarding knowledge of family planning methods, but working wives were significantly more successful at utilizing contraceptive methods. They also married later and had a higher incidence of abortion. It is concluded that the working wife is more successful in limiting her family because she is more highly motivated. Thus, a social policy giving a higher social status to women would help reduce fertility.
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