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  • Title: Madagascar.
    Author: United Nations. Department of International Economic and Social Affairs. Population Division, United Nations. Fund for Population Activities UNFPA.
    Journal: Popul Policy Compend; 1981 Sep; ():1-7. PubMed ID: 12263955.
    Abstract:
    Focus in this discussion of Madagascar is on the following: the history of the country's demographic situation; the government's overall approach to population problems; statistical systems and development planning; institutional arrangements for the integration of population within development planning; the government's view of the importance of population policy in achieving development objectives; population size, growth, and natural increase; morbidity and mortality; fertility; international migration; and spatial distribution. The government uses no direct intervention to modify fertility and population growth but does emphasize economic and social restructuring. The official policy is to combat high mortality and morbidity and to modify spatial distribution. Madagascar's civil registration system has been in existence since 1896. The 1st census was conducted in 1975, and since then postcensus and household budget surveys have been conducted. The vital registration system is incomplete. The government views population as a development resource to be utilized effectively in realizing the goal of a socialist pattern of society. The principal objective of population policy is family welfare. Economic growth, social well-being, and family welfare are considered inextricably interlinked and as a necessary basis of policy formation. The development plan for 1978-1980 used an adjusted census estimate of 8.2 million for the population of Madagascar. Demographic surveys conducted in the 1960s gave a crude birth rate of between 44 and 47/1000 and a general fertility rate of about 200/1000 females in the reproductive ages. There was a drop in the crude death rate from 22 to 28/100 population in 1966 to 20/1000 in 1978. 50% of all deaths recorded are attributed to infectious diseases. The government considers the present levels of immigration and emigration as not significant and satisfactory. The population is predominantly rural. The average annual rate of increase of urban population has been estimated at 5.3% during the 1975-1980 period. Internal migration flows have not been excessively rural to urban. The government considers the present spatial distribution of the population as inappropriate, primarily with regard to regional disparities in both rural and urban settings.
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