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  • Title: Population planning II: impact assessment.
    Journal: Popul Forum; 1981; 7(2):25-8. PubMed ID: 12264160.
    Abstract:
    The National Population Family Planning Outreach Project was launched in mid-1977 in all of the provinces and cities of the Philippines. The program's objectives are the following: 1) to shift from the predominantly clinic-oriented program to a community-based program through the nationwide deployment of full-time outreach workers (FTOWs) and the establishment of a network of Barangay Service Point Officers (BSPOs); 2) to shift from a largely physician centered approach to a wider base of service providers; 3) to decentralize program implementation and to integrate the population program into local government structure and activities; 4) to change from a largely contraceptive-oriented program to an integrated family welfare-oriented approach; and 5) to achieve self-reliance through partnership between the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), the national government, and the local government. As of June 1981, a total of 2800 FTOWs and supervisors were deployed nationwide and backed up by a grassroot network of about 46,000 volunteer BSPOs. An impact assessment, conducted in 1980, revealed the following: 1) outreach program variables had a significant impact on contraceptive prevalence in the outreach covered areas, independent of other program efforts and of concurrent social change; 2) the rapid growth of prevalence for all methods was due to the rapid increase in the use of less effective methods since the mid-1970s; 3) in outreach covered areas, the community outreach survey revealed higher prevalence rates than those revealed by the 1978 Republic of the Philippines Fertility Survey or by the Area Fertility Survey--an overall prevalence rate of 48%, 11 points higher than the 1978 Republic of the Philippines Fertility Survey. The bulk of the difference was due to the high rate of contraceptive prevalence for less effective methods especially withdrawal, abstinence, and combinations. Possible explanations for high rates of less effective methods are included. There was substantial decline in family size preferences, particularly among women with 3 or more children. Evaluation of recent fertility data that are available extending back as far as a decade suggest that the crude birth rate fell by 1 point a year and the total fertility rate about 2% a year. On the whole, the outreach program has been pronounced a fundamentally sound concept and a solid basis for future program implementation.
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