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  • Title: A preliminary report on population pressure and land resources in Nepal.
    Author: Shrestha NR.
    Journal: J Dev Areas; 1982 Jan; 16(2):197-211. PubMed ID: 12264247.
    Abstract:
    Population problems in relation to national development have touched Nepal as well as underdeveloped countries. This article uses the Sen Gupta mathematical model which provides an objective basis for deriving a population pressure index based on the relationship between population and available national resources. The population pressure index was computed for each of the 75 districts of Nepal and then a map of population pressure was compared with that of simple population density. Simple population density does not realistically indicate the degree of population pressure on land resources. Nepal is predominantly a rural-agrarian country. While farming is the most predominant economic activity, farming methods are still backward and primitive, resulting in a low level of productivity. It is mainly a subsistence agriculture. The most important contribution that this model makes to this spatial economic analysis is its use of production figures as the nucleus of a population pressure index. Spatial patterns indicate that almost all the mountain and Hill districts are overpopulated with very high population pressure indices. The population in these districts exceeds the carrying capacity of the presently available land resources. Underpopulation was apparent in the Tarai District. Results of the spatial analysis indicate that there are regional disparities with regard to spatial distribution of human and land resources. This very spatial disparity is 1 of the main problems of Nepal's economy. The analysis also indicates that simple population density does not provide an adequate index of population pressure. Population pressure is not the same thing as simple population density. Clearly, however, there are areas where population exerts a mounting pressure on land resources in certain areas. Population pressure in Nepal is actually a local problem affecting a significant portion of the population with little or no access to the means of production. A small proportion of the population controls the majority of land, a situation which leads to population pressure among the population with little or no control over the means of production.
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