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  • Title: [The relationship between selected socioeconomic characteristics and fertility].
    Author: Araica H.
    Journal: Rev Centroam Econ; 1980; 1(2-3):174-89. PubMed ID: 12265323.
    Abstract:
    Until about a decade ago, the countries of the Central American isthmus had some of the highest population growth rates in the world due to a spectacular decline in mortality and continued high fertility. In the 1960s nonprofit organizations appeared which publicized the possibility of family planning in the hope of avoiding abortion and its sequelae. Financing from international and bilateral organizations enabled government family planning programs to distribute contraceptives, resulting in a demographic change induced from the exterior and skipping of some steps in the demographic transition. The passage to a more moderate level of fertility is observable in all the countries of the region to a greater or lesser degree and in varying magnitudes depending on social class and economic power. Information on differential fertility from the 1976 Costa Rica Fertility Survey suggests the course of development in the next few years in the other countries of Central America. Age of entry into first union averaged 19.0 years for the total sample of women aged 25-44; it was higher in urban areas and almost a year lower in most rural areas. Female educational level had a greater effect; age at 1st union was 18.2 for those with less than 3 years of education and 20.9 for those with over 10 years. Women with less than 3 years of education had a total of 6.6 children, while those with 6-10 years had 3.0 and those with over 10 years had 2.1. Women in the San Jose metropolitan area had 3.3 children, and women in the most rural areas had 5.4. Currently working women had 3.6 children and those who had never worked had 4.7 children. 83.0% of the total sample in metropolitan San Jose, 75.0% in urban areas outside the central valley, and 74.6% in rural areas outside the central valley used contraception. 68.5% with less than 3 years of education but 82.2% with over 10 years used contraception. 81.6% currently working but 79.0% who had never worked used some method.
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