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  • Title: [Contraception in women suffering from systemic lupus ethymatosus].
    Author: Musson P, Serfaty D, Puissant A.
    Journal: Contracept Fertil Sex (Paris); 1985 Oct; 13(10):1063-7. PubMed ID: 12267711.
    Abstract:
    Systemic lupus erythematosus usually affects young women of reproductive age and may be brought on or worsened by pregnancy or use of some oral contraceptives (OCs). At certain stages of the disease pregnancies are possible, but effective and reversible contraception permitting careful pregnancy planning is required. Amenorrhea is frequent in acute stages of the disease, but most authors have observed fertility levels in lupic women comparable to those of the population at large. Pregnancy complications and aggravations of lupus are much more rare when conception occurs during a stable remission of at least 6 months. Risks of lupus that must be considered in choosing a contraceptive method include vascular accidents such as venous thrombosis and inflammatory lesions of the arteries, hypertension usually secondary to nephropathy or corticotherapy, metabolic disturbances, anomalies of hemostasis, initiation or exacerbation of the disease with use of combined OCs, and predisposition to infection. Pills containing estrogen, even at low doses, are contraindicated because of the already high vascular risk of lupus patients and because estrogens may aggravate the condition. Progestins derived from 19 norsteroids are inadvisable because of the still imperfectly understood secondary effects which may include disturbances of metabolism or blood pressure. Low dose progestins or those derived from 17 hydroxyprogesterone appear to be a contraceptive of choice for lupus patients because of their lack of effects on metabolism or blood pressure. Their contraceptive efficacy is not quite as high as that of other OCs and they may entail a relative hyperestrogenic climate. They are not advisable in case of luteal insufficiency. IUDs are contraindicated because of the risk of infection, although they may be used in periods of remission for mild cases of lupus not treated with immunosuppressive drugs. Progestin-releasing IUDs may reduce risk of infection. Local methods have the advantage of being innocuous but their relatively high failure rate makes them inappropriate except for highly motivated women in stages of remission.
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