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  • Title: Pelvic inflammatory disease among women using copper IUDs, Progestasert, oral contraceptive pills or vaginal contraceptive pills: a 4-year prospective investigation.
    Author: Larsson B, Rodau S, Patek E.
    Journal: Contracept Deliv Syst; 1981 Jul; 2(3):237-42. PubMed ID: 12278910.
    Abstract:
    Prospective data about PID (pelvic inflammatory disease) in parous and nulliparous women using either oral contraceptive combined pills (OC), IUDs of different types (Gravigard, Gravigard-P, CuT 200, Progestasert) or vaginal contraceptive tablets were evaluated. The PID rate in association with respective contraceptive methods is compared with the estimated incidence of PID in the population. 1177 women attending the Family Planning Center at Huddinge University Hospital during the period 1975-1979 participated in the study. IUD, OC or vaginal contraceptive tablets were given to the women according to their own choice. Prolonged use of copper IUD did not appear to increase risk of PID. Annual distribution of PID was even throughout the study period. Cultures resulted in the growth of gonococcus in 15% of cases of PID, and rate of infection was no more common among nulliparous than among parous adult females and/or teenagers using IUD. Incidence of PID in OC users was about half that in copper IUD users. A 5-fold increase was observed in acute salpingitis rate in IUD users versus OC users. A 3-fold increase was also noted in PID rate among IUD users compared with that in users of other methods. A significantly larger number of controls than patients with PID used OCs. A previous history of PID does not necessarily imply a greater risk of an IUD-causing PID.
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