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  • Title: Botswana.
    Author: United Nations. Department of Economic and Social Affairs. Population Division, United Nations. Fund for Population Activities UNFPA.
    Journal: Popul Policy Compend; 1983 Dec; ():1-7. PubMed ID: 12279838.
    Abstract:
    Botswana's population size was 908,000 in 1980 (3.8% population growth rate) and is expected to double by the year 2000. Although the government is concerned about the high rate of population growth, there is no explicit policy to reduce fertility or regulate migration. The country's development planning objectives are rapid economic growth, social justice, economic independence, and sustained development. The interaction between population and development is clearly recognized, and the increasing proportion of the dependent age group population is regared as a barrier to economic opportunities for all. Life expectancy currently stands at 52.5 years for both sexes. The mortality rate is expected to reach 12.7 deaths/1000 population in 1980-85 and the infant mortality rate is currectly 96/1000 live births. The mortality situation in Botswana is regarded as unacceptable by the government. There is particular concern with the mortality levels of infants, children, mothers, and low income groups. Many health problems are related to poor nutrition, inadequate water supplies, lack of proper sanitation, poor housing, and a lack of Botswana's health policy has been to improve and expand basic health services, especially in rural and peri-urban areas, with an emphasis on maternal and child health services and health education. By the year 2000, the government aims to reduce infant mortality to 50/1000 and increase life expectancy at birth to above 60 years. Family planning is integrated into the maternal and child health program. The fertility rate currently stands at 6.5%. Existing programs emphasize the family welfare and well being aspects of fertility regulation and suggest child spacing as a means of reducing family size. The government aims to increase the proportion of family planning acceptors from its 1981 level of 10% to 15% by 1985 and to have 85% of pregnant women visit prenatal clinics. Recent trends in migration and emigration are considered satisfactory, although there is a concern with redcing dependence on labor migration to South Africa. Finally, the government seeks to stem increasing rates of urban growth.
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