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  • Title: AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa: an overview.
    Author: Berkley S.
    Journal: Prog Rep Health Dev South Afr; 1990; ():5-9. PubMed ID: 12284203.
    Abstract:
    This article discusses the spread of AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa, a region where more than 1/2 of all HIV-infected people live. Of the estimated 8-10 million HIV-infected people worldwide, more than 5 million live in sub-Saharan Africa. Studies indicate that this region holds more than 75% of the world's HIV-infected women and 90% of the world's HIV-infected infants. Moreover, national surveys in sub-Saharan countries show that initial reports claiming that the AIDS pandemic was limited to urban areas were wrong, since rural areas have also suffered greatly from the disease. In developed countries, approximately 50% of HIV-infected people develop AIDS with 10 years. But researchers believe that in Africa the time between exposure to HIV and the manifestation of AIDS, as well as the time between the manifestation of AIDS and death, is shorter than in developed countries. While changes in the behavior among homosexuals and the virtual end of transmission via blood transfusion have led to a decline in rate of new infections in developed countries, Africa and the rest of the developing world continues to see an increase in the rate of infections. In sub-Sahara Africa, heterosexual transmission is the most common means of infection. Mother-to-child infections have also contributed to the spread of the disease. Researchers have also noted significant differences among the clinical illnesses of AIDS patients in Africa and the developed world. And unlike the developed world, Africa has had difficulties with the diagnosis and surveillance of the disease. In the coming years, the effects of AIDS will become even more pronounced in the region, as countries grapple with how to care of AIDS patients and provide for AIDS-related orphans.
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