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  • Title: The female condom: STD protection in the hands of women.
    Author: Gollub EL.
    Journal: Am J Gynecol Health; 1993; 7(4):91-2. PubMed ID: 12288250.
    Abstract:
    In 1993, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the female condom Reality. It provides better protection against sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) than does the male condom. The polyurethane sheath is more resistant to tears and covers the vagina, cervix, and vulva. Since it does not depend on erection of the penis, the female condom protects women from STDs/HIV that can be transmitted through the pre-ejaculate. In light of the AIDS epidemic, FDA approved the female condom based on its contraceptive effectiveness rather than on its ability to protect against STDs. Annual contraceptive failure rates for Reality range 5-21%, which match those of other barrier methods for women and men. Incorrect or inconsistent use affects its contraceptive effectiveness. The female condom prevents passage of virus particles as small as the hepatitis B virus which is smaller than HIV. In a study, all women who correctly and consistently used Reality were protected from Trichomonas vaginalis, while sporadic users were not protected. Currently, less than 20% of US couples use male condoms, indicating a need for women to have options to protect their reproductive and genital health. The female condom provides women such an option since women are in total control of its use. Women with partners who do not want to use a male condom maintain that Reality will revolutionize sexual dynamics. Its visibility does not help women with violent partners, however. Educational efforts about all methods that can be used without men's knowledge need to reach these women. Family planning providers need to shed the old concept of women as incompetent users and set up counseling programs that promote women's methods. They should accept and provide the female condom. Basic sexual education and constant provider support and encouragement are crucial.
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