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  • Title: Population Policy.
    Author: Nepal.
    Journal: Annu Rev Popul Law; 1988; 15():2, 274-9. PubMed ID: 12289392.
    Abstract:
    The population policies accepted in principle and declared by the Government of Nepal to be appropriate for achieving its demographic targets can be broadly categorized as 1) fulfilling unmet demand for family planning (FP) services, 2) integrating population issues into development programs, 3) increasing the status of women, 4) mobilizing local and grassroots organizations into population programs, and 5) controlling immigration. Fulfilling unmet need for FP is the highest priority, and the Ministry of Health is to achieve this goal by studying service delivery and recommending improvements; devising a longterm plan for training service providers; changing the manner in which contraceptives are sold and distributed; encouraging younger couples to adopt birth spacing methods; and providing incentives to FP use. Integration of population planning into development programs will be achieved by measures which include setting targets of national plans in terms of per capita growth instead of gross national product, requiring all foreign-assisted projects to have a population component; bolstering population education efforts; and holding periodic seminars for development workers. Specific programs have been devised to improve the educational, employment, and income level of women along with their status in society. These will seek increased enrollment of girls in schools, the establishment of literacy and training programs, and improvements in work-saving technologies for homes and farms. Women will also be given preference in obtaining certain jobs, and women's groups will be called upon for advice on policy issues. Day care facilities at factories will be encouraged. The mobilization of local organizations will require district panchayats to allocate a minimum of 20% of their development grants to population programs. The capacities of nongovernmental organizations will be improved through seminars and training programs. Population growth due to immigration will be discouraged by the creation of training programs designed to replace foreign labor with indigenous labor, by promoting the development of small growth centers to achieve better spacial distribution, and by formulating appropriate land use policies. Nepal also established a National Commission on Population, plans to establish a Population Research and Training Center, and has accepted the principle that the minimum age of marriage for women should be raised from 16 to 20 years.
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