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  • Title: HIV does not increase infectivity of M. tuberculosis.
    Journal: AIDS Wkly; 2000 Feb 14; ():2-3. PubMed ID: 12295705.
    Abstract:
    Researchers for the Dominican Republic reported that HIV infection does not increase the likelihood of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB) infection. In a cohort study, HIV-1-positive and HIV-1-negative patients diagnosed with pulmonary TB were assessed and followed up for 14 months using a multi-step tuberculin skin test, anergy skin test, physical examinations, chest radiographs and sputum smears. Results revealed that tuberculin induration of 5 mm or greater was found among 153 of 252 household contacts of HIV-1-positive index cases and in 418 of 551 household contacts of HIV-1-negative index cases (odds ratio (OR), 0.49; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.35-0.67; p = 0.00001). In addition, a multivariate logistic-regression analysis in tuberculin response found an inverse association with tuberculin response to household contacts (OR, 0.52; 95% CI, 0.29-0.93; p = 0.02) with a significant association among household contacts aged 2-15 years (OR, 0.37; 95% CI, 0.14-0.98; p = 0.04). Also, conversion to tuberculin skin test positivity among household contacts with negative tuberculin skin tests at baseline generally resulted in less frequent household contacts of HIV-1-positive index cases (cut-off or= 5 mm: 32/131 (24%) vs. 71/204 (35%), p = 0.05; cut-off or= 10 mm: 23/153 (15%) vs. 55/245 (22%), p = 0.07). In conclusion, this paper emphasizes the unchanged need of current policy regarding TB contact tracing in the presence of HIV-1.
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