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  • Title: Mexico: a need for "combative optimism".
    Journal: Draper Fund Rep; 1981 Dec; (10):5-7. PubMed ID: 12311454.
    Abstract:
    Mexico City, with an estimated population of 14 million people in 1980, is the 3rd largest city in the world. Its urbanization and population growth have both been rapid. It is estimated to be growing twice as fast as the country by approximately 5% vs. 2.5% annually. Physical expansion of the city (from 230 sq. km. in 1950 to the current 1000 sq. km.) has led to the transformation of economic and social structures of peripheral rural areas and to high levels of urban employment. Since 1940, rural-to-urban migration has been responsible for significant increases in urban population. From 1970-76, migration accounted for 50% of the city's population increase, with migrants coming at the rate of over 500 every day. Although migration to other urban centers also increased, Mexico City alone accounts for 35% of Mexico's total urban population. The city's serious problems include air pollution, water supply and distribution, inadequate transportation and sewage services, housing shortages, and proliferation of "self-built" housing. In 1978, the President of Mexico established the National Urban Development Plan to coordinate territorial distribution of population and economic activities and to reduce the city's growth rate by decentralizing industry, public services, and private sector so that by the year 2000, the city's population does not exceed 25 million. The city's population by the end of the century will depend on the intensity of the migration process. If the country's population stabilizes at 100 million as projected by the Bureau of National Census, from 1 quarter to 1/3 of the population will reside in Mexico City. Inspite of the city's population problems, the government is optimistic that the city will survive.
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