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  • Title: Population, human resources, and development in the Arab world.
    Author: Tabbarah R.
    Journal: Popul Bull U N Econ Comm West Asia; 1981 Jun; (20):5-38. PubMed ID: 12311522.
    Abstract:
    An important consequence of the over-abundance of capital resources in relation to land and labor is the pressure being placed in Arab development on the other factors of production, particularly human resources. The purpose of this discussion is to provide a brief analysis of this aspect of Arab development and to suggest, in broad terms, an outline for a course of action that would improve the contribution of human resources to development and promote the rationalization of the Arab development process. Attention is directed to the following: the meaning of human resources development; socioeconomic consequences of oil; population trends and issues; and the utilization and development of human resources. Human resources development is defined on both the micro and the macro levels. On the micro level, human resources development focuses on the individual in a society and on the institutions that give him/her the skills and other basic requirements needed for a dignified existence and an adequate degree of social participation. Human resources development on the macro level concentrates on aggregate concepts relating to the supply and utilization of human resources. The discovery of oil in relatively small Arab nations created a yet unknown development situation in which of the 3 factors of production--land, labor, and capital--the latter was in great abundance relative to the other 2 factors. 1 of the 1st results of this situation was the present transitional stage with its tremendous gap between the social and economic aspects of development, specifically a very high level of per capita income and wealth associated with an underdeveloped social and human resources infrastructure. To place Arab development on the right track, action needs to be taken on several fronts. The following are among the items that must be included on such an agenda: efforts to improve knowledge of the human resources supply, requirements, problems, and policy options through intensified activities in data collection, training, and research; and the creation of institutions that would insure the channelling of funds into social and cultural projects within the Arab world and contribute to the speedy elimination of the gap between the social and economic aspects of development.
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