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  • Title: [Demographic policy, education, and employment].
    Author: Sahli S.
    Journal: Rev Tunis Sci Soc; 1980; 17(60):91-114. PubMed ID: 12312407.
    Abstract:
    This article examines whether fertility limitation in Tunisia would help to solve the problems of providing education and employment opportunities for the country's population. Recent economic and social tendencies in Tunisia suggest that rapid demographic growth does not necessarily impede socioeconomic development, particularly in education and employment. Calculations about future educational and employment needs do not take into consideration the effects of income generation and consumption changes spurred by demographic growth. The "rationing" of children to change the age structure envisioned by population planners would be faced with the need to consider all the different social groups in Tunisia and their complex motivations. Measures to discourage fertility disregard hundreds of years of Tunisian tradition. Tunisia's crude birth rate has decreased from 45.7/1000 in 1960 to 33.9/1000 in 1978, and its net reproduction rate had declined from 2.52 in 1960 to 2.34 in 1971. The rise in the median age at marriage between 1966 and 1974 resulted in some 23% fewer births. It is estimated that 313,240 births were averted through contraception from 1967-79, and by the year 2000 some half million births will have been averted. The structure of education in Tunisia may not be well suited to the development or employment needs of the country, and unemployment among school dropouts is high. It is obvious that decreasing the number of children in primary school will result in savings for the country, just as decreasing the number of people searching for work will help solve the unemployment problem. In the long run, however, such means by themselves do not attack the roots of the problem, for which a global policy of modernization is required.
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