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  • Title: Measures to facilitate the reintegration of migrants upon return to their countries of origin.
    Author: Portugal.
    Journal: Int Migr; 1986 Mar; 24(1):153-61. PubMed ID: 12314939.
    Abstract:
    The main factors contributing to changes in the migratory movement of Portuguese citizens during recent years have been the suspension of permission to immigrate, restrictions placed in 1973-1974 on the entry of additional foreign workers, and the return and reintegration of Portuguese workers. Considerable attention has been devoted to reintegration problems that resulted from these changes. Some of the major problems identified include the unemployment level in the countries of emigration, the integration of returning migrants into local schools, the reduced possibilities for promotion, training and vocational education, lack of programs to develop migrants' regions of origin, and the lack of flexible credit. To counter these problems, Portugal has: 1) created the Representation and Consultation Cabinet to act in support of emigrants, to collect and update any relevant migration information, and to provide liaisons with public or private entities who have an essential role in reintegration; 2) set up the Migration Study Center; 3) decentralized services of the State Secretariat for Portuguese Communities; 4) held training courses on emigration subjects and developed audiovisual information to reach emigrants; 5) set up working groups to deal with various aspects of reintegration; 6) created regional development societies to guide the placement of migrants' savings; 7) exempted or reduced customs duties on the import of household furniture, utensils, and personal vehicles when the reintegration is final; 8) exempted or reduced customs duties on imported machines, instruments, and other capital equipment of migrants' small industries, as long as they continue the same industries in Portugal; 9) partially exempted the tax on capital as related to the interest on emigrants' short-term deposit accounts; 10) instituted changes in education that allow studies pursued in foreign schools, and earned diplomas or degrees to be accredited at the same level or assimilated to the corresponding Portuguese degrees; and 11) instituted supplementary classes teaching Portuguese to emigrants. Strengthening cooperation on multilateral and bilateral levels is essential in the future for creating better conditions and new opportunities for migrant workers and their families.
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