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  • Title: Survey: moderate improvement of women's status.
    Journal: China Popul Today; 1991 Dec; 8(6):13-4. PubMed ID: 12317276.
    Abstract:
    This report on women's status in China from the Survey on Social Status of Chinese Women reveals that women's status has improved and the gap between the sexes has narrowed. 40,000 rural and urban men and women were sampled evenly. In employment, advancements have been made intergenerationally with an increase of 21% over their mother's generation. Females working or ever working constitute 87%m which is 10% lower than for men. Of those 40, 5% are engaged in housework compared with 28% of their mothers. 9% are technicians which is 4.5% higher than the previous generation. 62% of those 40 years have a junior middle school education, which is 32% higher than those 40 and 50% higher than those before. Literacy is 78% for urban females and 48.4% for rural ones. Social participation is higher for urban females than rural females or males. 53% of urban females were knowledgeable about politics vs. 17% for rural women, and 48% "follow with interest" work in their labor units, villages, or communities vs, 41% in rural areas. 74% are involved in marriages of self-determination or common consultations. 53% of households have joint consultation about financial allocation. 50% believe their status to be fairly high or very high in their families. 1% admit to being beaten by their husbands. 66% had had prenatal examinations. 73% of urban births and 40.1% of rural births were delivered with help from medical workers. In self-awareness, 71% deny of doubt that males are born to be more able than females. 51% hope that their accomplishments will not be inferior to males of comparable ability. 38% think they still have potential to make contributions to society. 67% would feel regret if nothing is accomplished in their lives. In one measure of social awareness, 63% agreed that the role of Chinese women was to "hold up half the sky" in political and economic life. 50% disapproved of or had doubts about the male position in business and women in the home and family, 67% opposed or doubted that wives should restrain themselves from surpassing their husbands in social status, 36% agreed that mothers giving birth to a girl are discriminated against, 33% agreed there was sexual inequality in employment, 21% felt that it was difficult to inherit property, and 20% felt there were different school entrance requirements by sex. Improvement is still necessary to keep pace with social development.
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