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  • Title: The impact of war on women and children: case study of Sudan.
    Author: El-nagar SE.
    Journal: Women 2000; 1992 Jun; (5):9-11. PubMed ID: 12318292.
    Abstract:
    Civil war has raged in southern Sudan from 1955 to 1972 and again from 1983 to the present. This situation has been compounded by regional conflicts in other parts of Sudan and wars in neighboring countries. The consequences of war are taking their toll on the entire region and are intensified by environmental hazards, desertification, drought, and famine. The socioeconomic and educational infrastructure has been destroyed in southern Sudan, taking the family support system with it. The atmosphere of continued fighting has made it all but impossible for relief agencies to provide services. The innocent victims of the war are civilians who are forced to choose between disastrous alternatives: if they flee, they lose their homes, their livelihoods, and their communities; if they stay, they watch these things being destroyed around them. Women and children are suffering the most. Hunger and disease are widespread, and immunization programs have been curtailed. Very few school-age children are receiving an education, and children are subject to kidnapping and abuse from soldiers. There may be as many as 3 million people displaced, with 1.5 million living in settled areas and 707,000 in camps in the Khartoum area. Relief aid in the camps is unreliable, and the displace women arrive with no assets or skills. They survive through domestic work, begging, petty trading, or beer-brewing and prostitution (the latter 2 are illegal). Children are left to fend for themselves all day or to find work in situations where they are exploited. In addition to depriving the children of their health, education, and economic stability, the war has resulted in cultural deprivation as ethnic groups lose their sense of identity. Psychological problems are the natural consequence of this situation, and aggressive behavior is seen in the displaced children, while trauma and anxiety plague the children in the war zones.
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