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  • Title: [State of Mexico, analysis of some determinants of infant and child mortality in the urban environment, 1990].
    Author: Morelos JB.
    Journal: Estud Sociol; 1996; 14(41):417-34. PubMed ID: 12320837.
    Abstract:
    The direction and degree of association between infant mortality and several socioeconomic and other variables were analyzed for the 121 municipios of the state of Mexico in 1990. The work begins by reviewing evidence of the influence of several socioeconomic indicators on infant mortality, especially as revealed in previous studies in Mexico. The variables selected for analysis, largely based on the literature review, were the infant mortality rate, considered an approximate indicator of prevailing health conditions in the municipios; the percentage of women age 12 and older who lacked primary education; the proportion of the economically active population earning less than two minimum salaries, an approximate index of low socioeconomic status; the percentage of households without potable water, considered a rough indicator of exposure to risk; and an indicator of access to medical care. Zero order correlations showed that the variable with the highest degree of association with the infant mortality rate was women's educational status (0.70), followed by lack of potable water (0.59), and income (0.53). The correlation with the latent variable representing health services was low (0.02) and not statistically significant. A high degree of colinearity was observed between the variables measuring education, income, and housing. Partial correlations between infant mortality, income, and potable water, and medical care, controlling for education; and between infant mortality and education, controlling for the other three variables, show that education has an influence in itself and also acts through other variables, demonstrating both direct and indirect effects on infant mortality in the municipios of the state of Mexico. A multivariate model utilizing the forward procedure confirmed the importance of educational status. The infant mortality rate in 1990 was 29.5/1000 in the state of Mexico and 38.4 for the country as a whole. 30 of the 121 municipios in the state of Mexico had infant mortality rates below 30/1000, and 22 had rates above 50/1000, with the highest, 72.72/1000, in Ocuilan. The proportion of women without basic primary education ranged from 77% to 87% in these municipios.
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