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  • Title: Coagulation studies in women using combination type of oral contraceptives.
    Author: Sharma S, Sharma M, Soni IJ, Gupta A, Jain R.
    Journal: J Obstet Gynaecol India; 1983 Aug; 33(4):519-24. PubMed ID: 12339832.
    Abstract:
    100 women attending the outpatient department and family planning clinic of U.I.S.E. Maternity Hospital, Kanpur between April to December 1980 were studied to determine the effect of combined type oral contraceptives (OCs) on various factors of coagulation and fibrinolysis. Control group A included 30 healthy nonpregnant females in the 18-40 age range who did not take any drug and were not suffering from any disease. Test group B included 50 women who were using OCs for more than 1 1/2 years but less than 5 years. Test group C included 20 women who were taking OCs for more than 5 years. In groups B and C women of different parity were included. Increase in mean prothrombin time after the use of OCs, both in groups B and C, was statistically significant. There was a decrease in mean partial thromboplastin time in groups B and C compared to group A. This decrease was statistically significant with group C, but not with group B. Mean plasma fibrinogen level increased after the use of OCs. This increase was statistically significant in group C but not significant in group B. There was significant decrease in clot retraction time in group C. Mean platelet count showed significant increase after OC use. Mean platelet aggregation increased significantly after OC use both in group B and C. There was no significant change in platelet adhesiveness after OC use in groups B and C. No significant differences were found in the time of starting of clot lysis after the use of pills as compared to control groups, whereas the mean values of completion time of clot lysis showed a decrease in group B and C. This decrease was statistically insignificant. Decrease in partial thromboplastin time, increase in plasma fibrinogen and platelet count, and reduction in clot retraction indicate a hypercoagulable state. The rise in prothrombin time can be a compensatory factor in preventing hypercoagulable state. The difference in various coagulable factors between groups B and C was not statistically significant, indicating that initially there was a rise in various coagulation factors but later, with continuous use of OCs, no futher significant change occurred. The results show that some coagulation tests are significantly altered during OC use, but these changes are not enough to manifest clinically as a thromboembolic phenomenon. No complication of thrombosis was found in any of the cases.
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