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  • Title: [Stimulating demand for and promoting health services. Infant nutrition and child survival].
    Author: Traore B.
    Journal: Pop Sahel; 1992 Jun; (17):25-8. PubMed ID: 12344640.
    Abstract:
    The child morality rate has fallen in the large African capitals. Maternal and child health (MCH) services focusing on improving health and reducing mortality are partially responsible for this reduction. The reduction in child mortality in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) has slowed in the last decade, however. For example, there was a 16% reduction in child mortality in SSA between 1965 and 1979 compared to a 10% reduction between 1978 and 1987. Both Latin America and Asia had a greater reduction than did SSA (24% and 19%, respectively) during 1965-1979 and during 1978-1987 (35% and 28%, respectively). During the first period, North Africa and SSA had almost the same reduction in child mortality (27% and 21%, respectively) while North Africa had a much greater reduction during the second period than did SSA (46% vs. 10%). SSA has the highest infant and child mortality rates in the world. Health programs and structural adjustment programs reflect the socioeconomic situation in SSA. A reorientation of health programs and a progressive responsibility of the social elite in implementing structural adjustment programs in Africa would improve the socioeconomic situation. The nature of data does not allow one to say what part of health programs improves child survival. Progress in child survival has been achieved in some parts of SSA. For example, during 1983-1987, there was a 33% reduction in child mortality. The prevalence of AIDS in children is having a negative effect on child survival. In the future, development or strengthening of health information systems as well as registration systems will help governments realize changes in child survival. Promotion of exclusive breast feeding for the first six months and prolonged breast feeding with appropriate supplements thereafter as means to prevent diarrhea, postpartum family planning programs, improvement in female education, improved access to modern child health care, increased birth intervals, and promotion of and stimulation of demand for MCH services would improve child survival in SSA.
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