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  • Title: Infant mortality -- critical analysis of factors and new approach for calculation of I.M.R.
    Author: Gupta R, Gupta BD, Singh RN, Mehta SC.
    Journal: Indian J Matern Child Health; 1991; 2(3):72-8. PubMed ID: 12346052.
    Abstract:
    In India, researchers conducted a household survey of 1050 infants in an urban slum and rural and urban areas of Jodhpur Region to determine the infant mortality rate (IMR) and its correlation with various socioeconomic and demographic factors. They used the data to develop a concrete formula intended to allow precise estimation of IMR, given knowledge of these factors. Overall IMR was 106/1000 live births. The IMR for the slum, rural, and urban areas was 137, 123, and 57, respectively. The 4 most significant quantifiable factors that could be changed to reduce IMR were maternal age (IMR increases with maternal age of 30 years and older), parity (IMR increases with parity, especially at parity 5), literacy (IMR is higher among illiterates than literates), and low socioeconomic status [SES] (IMR increases as SES decreases). Based on the data from the survey, the researchers used regression analysis and other calculations to determine the values of the coefficients and constants. The results of their formula compared favorably with those of the household survey. For example, the IMR for the slum, rural area, urban area, and overall were actually 137, 123, 57, and 106, respectively. The respective IMRs based on the formula were 140, 120, 54, and 100. Assuming that all infant deaths are recorded, the formula allows one to estimate IMR of any area, country, or region.
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