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  • Title: Paraventricular vasopressin-containing neurons project to brain stem and spinal cord respiratory-related sites.
    Author: Kc P, Haxhiu MA, Tolentino-Silva FP, Wu M, Trouth CO, Mack SO.
    Journal: Respir Physiol Neurobiol; 2002 Oct 23; 133(1-2):75-88. PubMed ID: 12385733.
    Abstract:
    We studied in the rat projections of vasopressin-containing neurons of the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) to phrenic nuclei and to the pre-Botzinger complex (pre-BotC). In addition, we determined vasopressin receptor expression within the pre-BotC and the physiological effects of vasopressin on respiratory drive and arterial blood pressure when injected into the pre-BotC. Retrograde tracing with cholera toxin B subunit (CT-b) showed that a subpopulation of vasopressin-containing PVN neurons project to phrenic nuclei and the pre-BotC. The latter region, identified by expression of neurokinin-1 receptors, contained a subpopulation of neurons that were immunoreactive for the vasopressin type 1 receptor (V(1)R). Microinjection of vasopressin in the pre-BotC (0.2 nmol/200 nl) significantly increased diaphragm electromyographic activity and frequency discharge (P<0.05). In addition, vasopressin increased blood pressure and heart rate (P<0.05). These data indicate that PVN vasopressin-containing neurons innervate respiratory-related regions of the medulla oblongata and spinal cord and when vasopressin is released at these sites, it may increase respiratory drive via activation of the distinct V(1)R.
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