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  • Title: Rheumatic fever and post-streptococcal arthritis.
    Author: Hilário MO, Terreri MT.
    Journal: Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol; 2002 Jul; 16(3):481-94. PubMed ID: 12387812.
    Abstract:
    Rheumatic fever resulting from group A beta-haemolytic Streptococcus infection continues to be a prevalent disease and an important cause of morbidity and mortality in developing countries. Molecular mimicry and CD4 T lymphocytes, interleukins and adhesion molecules play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of this disease. Arthritis, followed by carditis and chorea, are the main manifestations of the disease. Evidence of asymptomatic carditis has been increasing; however, abnormality identified by echo-Doppler evaluation is not considered as a criterion for diagnosis of rheumatic carditis. Benzathine penicillin is still the best therapeutic option for the treatment of streptococcal infection and secondary prophylaxis, due to its efficacy and low cost.
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