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  • Title: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced AT1 receptor upregulation enhances angiotensin II-mediated cardiac fibroblast responses that favor fibrosis.
    Author: Peng J, Gurantz D, Tran V, Cowling RT, Greenberg BH.
    Journal: Circ Res; 2002 Dec 13; 91(12):1119-26. PubMed ID: 12480812.
    Abstract:
    Extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling after myocardial infarction (MI) is an important determinant of cardiac function. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and angiotensin (Ang) II levels increase after MI and both factors affect fibroblast functions. The type 1 (AT1) receptor that mediates most Ang II effects is upregulated after MI in cardiac fibroblasts, and there is evidence that this is caused by TNF-alpha. We sought to determine if TNF-alpha-induced AT1 receptor upregulation alters fibroblast responsiveness to Ang II and if this effect differs from direct TNF-alpha effects on fibroblast functions. In cultured neonatal rat cardiac fibroblasts, TNF-alpha reduced cellular [3H]-proline incorporation, increased matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) activity and protein, and increased TIMP-1 protein levels. In cardiac fibroblasts with TNF-alpha-induced AT1 receptor upregulation, Ang II-stimulated [3H]proline incorporation and TIMP-1 protein production was approximately 2-fold greater than in nonpretreated fibroblasts. Angiotensin II reduced MMP-2 activity and protein level only in TNF-alpha-pretreated fibroblasts. Angiotensin II effects were inhibited by selective AT1 (but not AT2) receptor blockers. Thus, TNF-alpha-induced AT1 receptor upregulation enhances Ang II-mediated functions that favor fibrosis. These effects are mostly directionally opposite of direct TNF-alpha effects on cardiac fibroblasts. Recognition of multifaceted TNF-alpha effects provides new insights into post-MI ECM remodeling.
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