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  • Title: Sodium ion cycling mediates energy coupling between complex I and ATP synthase.
    Author: Gemperli AC, Dimroth P, Steuber J.
    Journal: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A; 2003 Feb 04; 100(3):839-44. PubMed ID: 12538874.
    Abstract:
    We show here sodium ion cycling between complex I from Klebsiella pneumoniae and the F(1)F(0) ATP synthase from Ilyobacter tartaricus in a reconstituted proteoliposome system. In the course of NADH oxidation by complex I, an electrochemical sodium ion gradient was established and served as a driving force for the synthesis of ATP from ADP and phosphate. In the opposite direction, the deltamu(Na(+)) generated by ATP hydrolysis could be coupled to NADH formation by reversed electron transfer from ubiquinol to NAD. For reverse electron transfer, a transmembrane voltage larger than 30 mV was obligatory. No NADH-driven proton transport into the lumen of proteoliposomes was detected. We conclude that Na(+) is used as the exclusive coupling ion by the enterobacterial complex I.
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