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  • Title: [Scanning electron microscopy study on different orthodontic methods of using fluoride in enamel white spot prevention].
    Author: Pang G, Bai D, Chen Y, Li Q.
    Journal: Hua Xi Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi; 1999 Aug; 17(3):267-8. PubMed ID: 12539303.
    Abstract:
    OBJECTIVE: To determine which method of topical fluoride application could make the enamel uptake more fluoride. METHODS: 12 extracted human premolars were divided into three groups of 4 teeth each: Group 1, control and not applying fluoride; Group 2, applying fluoride during etching; Group 3, applying fluoride after etching. In each group, the teeth were treated with etching and fluoride respectively. The specimens were then examined with scanning electron microscopy. RESULTS: The results showed that there were more reaction products on the enamel surface of Group 3. CONCLUSION: There was more fluoride uptake into the enamel treated with fluoride after etching.
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