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  • Title: A comparison of effectiveness of bladder training and pelvic muscle exercise on female urinary incontinence.
    Author: Yoon HS, Song HH, Ro YJ.
    Journal: Int J Nurs Stud; 2003 Jan; 40(1):45-50. PubMed ID: 12550149.
    Abstract:
    This study compared the effectiveness of bladder training versus pelvic muscle exercises in the treatment of urinary incontinence in women. It was revealed that the two intervention groups showed improvement compared with the control group, but differed in their effects on outcome measures. The pelvic muscle exercise group was more effective in increasing the peak and the average pressures of pelvic muscle contraction. The bladder-training group was more effective in reducing urinary frequency and in increasing voided volume. Further research is needed to explore the relationship among the various outcome measures of urinary incontinence.
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