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  • Title: [Observations of lateral cervical fistulae and cysts over 10 years (author's transl)].
    Author: Stark H.
    Journal: Laryngol Rhinol Otol (Stuttg); 1975 Jun; 54(6):462-5. PubMed ID: 125824.
    Abstract:
    The series consists of 52 cases of branchial lateral cervical cysts and fistulae seen over 10 years. The majority were deep to the superficial cervical fascia or extended there, and only about half the cases were related to the carotid sheath. Fistulae are either inborn or more rarely arise later as a result of a cyst perforating outwards. Cysts present clinically mostly between the 15th and 35th year, perhaps arising as a result of spontaneous growth or inflammation may provide the stimulus to growth. All cases received operative treatment with a recurrence rate of 7.8%. Multiple recurrences were not uncommon due to increasing technical difficulties. The severity of complications is taken into account with every operation for recurrences. Radiological contrast filling of the fistula may help in the preoperative diagnosis, but it is not always reliable in demonstrating the extent and situation of the fistulous tracks.
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