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  • Title: Microfabricated porous silicon particles enhance paracellular delivery of insulin across intestinal Caco-2 cell monolayers.
    Author: Foraker AB, Walczak RJ, Cohen MH, Boiarski TA, Grove CF, Swaan PW.
    Journal: Pharm Res; 2003 Jan; 20(1):110-6. PubMed ID: 12608544.
    Abstract:
    PURPOSE: Novel porous silicon microparticles were fabricated and loaded with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-insulin, a model hydrophilic pharmacologically active protein, along with varied doses of sodium laurate (C12), a well-known permeation enhancer. METHODS: Particle and liquid formulations were compared as a function of apical to basolateral flux of FITC-insulin across differentiated human intestinal Caco-2 cell monolayers grown on Transwell inserts. RESULTS: The flux of FITC-insulin from silicon particles across cell monolayers was nearly 10-fold higher compared with liquid formulations with permeation enhancer and approximately 50-fold compared with liquid formulations without enhancer. By increasing C12 dose per particle with a concomitant decrease in total particles added per monolayer, the percent of FITC-insulin transport resulted in a linear increase up to 25% monolayer coverage. CONCLUSIONS: Although maintaining monolayer integrity and transepithelial electrical resistance, maximum drug transport (20%/h) was achieved with 0.337 microg C12 dose per particle, and total particle loading at 25% monolayer coverage.
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