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  • Title: IgA antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus in serum, saliva and urine for early diagnosis of immunodeficiency virus infection in Ugandan infants.
    Author: Morgado de Moura Machedo JE, Kayita J, Bakaki P, Coulter JB, Ndugwa CM, Tindyebwa D, Hart CA.
    Journal: Pediatr Infect Dis J; 2003 Feb; 22(2):193-5. PubMed ID: 12613456.
    Abstract:
    The value of HIV-1 IgA antibodies for early diagnosis of HIV infection in infants in serum, saliva and urine was investigated at Mulago Hospital, Kampala. Sensitivity and specificity in serum of HIV-infected infants at different ages were: 0 to 1 months, 88 and 95%; 1 to 3 months, 88 and 97%; 4 to 6 months, 80 and 96%. They decreased between 67 and 77% and 80 to 91%, respectively, in older age groups. Sensitivity for saliva was lower (53 to 79%) and urine only 37 to 62%, although specificity was reasonably high (>85%). The high proportion of infants with raised HIV IgA in the first months of life (88%) may represent prenatal infection. Sensitivity of serum and especially salivary and urinary HIV IgA is too low to be of practical value for early diagnosis of HIV infection in infants.
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