These tools will no longer be maintained as of December 31, 2024. Archived website can be found here. PubMed4Hh GitHub repository can be found here. Contact NLM Customer Service if you have questions.


Pubmed for Handhelds

PUBMED FOR HANDHELDS

Search MEDLINE/PubMed

  • Title: [Diagnostics and therapy of diabetic nephrology].
    Author: Wrenger E, Neumann KH, Lehnert H.
    Journal: Urologe A; 2003 Feb; 42(2):W269-84; quiz W285-6. PubMed ID: 12733510.
    Abstract:
    In Germany, 36% of all new chronic dialysis patients have diabetic nephropathy. The majority are type 2 diabetics. Early intervention has the greatest effect. Incipient nephropathy can be diagnosed by evidence of microalbuminuria (30-300 mg albumin/g creatinine). Proteinuria on the standard test strip (>300 mg/g) indicates manifest nephropathy followed by progressive renal failure. Important cofactors for progression are hypertension, hyperglycemia, and smoking. Low normal blood pressure levels (<130/80 mmHg without and <125/75 mmHG with proteinuria) based on ACE inhibitors/AT1 blockers are the goal. Combination therapies are frequently necessary. This can often reverse microalbuminuria. Chronic renal failure requires special attention (e.g. bone metabolism, anemia, acidosis). Timely initiation of renal replacement therapy (GFR <15 ml/min) reduces morbidity and mortality. In addition to hemo- and peritoneal dialysis, early kidney and in individual cases of type 1 diabetes combined kidney/pancreas transplantation is appropriate.
    [Abstract] [Full Text] [Related] [New Search]