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  • Title: Structure-based design and synthesis of novel potent Na+,K+ -ATPase inhibitors derived from a 5alpha,14alpha-androstane scaffold as positive inotropic compounds.
    Author: De Munari S, Cerri A, Gobbini M, Almirante N, Banfi L, Carzana G, Ferrari P, Marazzi G, Micheletti R, Schiavone A, Sputore S, Torri M, Zappavigna MP, Melloni P.
    Journal: J Med Chem; 2003 Aug 14; 46(17):3644-54. PubMed ID: 12904068.
    Abstract:
    The design, synthesis, and biological properties of novel inhibitors of the Na(+),K(+)-ATPase as potential positive inotropic compounds are reported. Following our model of superposition between cassaine and digitoxigenin, digitalis-like activity has been elicited from a non-digitalis steroidal structure by suitable modifications of the 5alpha,14alpha-androstane skeleton. The strong hydrophobic interaction of the digitalis or cassaine polycyclic cores can be effectively obtained with the androstane skeleton taken in a reversed orientation. Thus, oxidation of C-6 and introduction in the C-3 position of the potent pharmacophoric group recently introduced by us, in the 17 position of the digitalis skeleton, namely, O-(omega-aminoalkyl)oxime, led to a series of substituted androstanes able to inhibit the Na(+),K(+)-ATPase, most of them with an IC(50) in the low micromolar level, and to induce a positive inotropic effect in guinea pig. Within this series, androstane-3,6,17-trione (E,Z)-3-(2-aminoethyl)oxime (22b, PST 2744) induced a strong positive inotropic effect while being less arrhythmogenic than digoxin, when the two compounds were compared at equiinotropic doses.
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