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  • Title: Amifostine, in a reduced dose, protects against severe diarrhea associated with weekly fluorouracil and folinic acid chemotherapy in advanced colorectal cancer: a pilot study.
    Author: Tsavaris N, Kosmas C, Vadiaka M, Zonios D, Papalambros E, Papantoniou N, Margaris H, Zografos G, Rokana S, Retalis G, Koufos C.
    Journal: J Pain Symptom Manage; 2003 Sep; 26(3):849-54. PubMed ID: 12967734.
    Abstract:
    Fifty-two consecutive patients with advanced colorectal cancer who developed persistent diarrhea following chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil despite dose reduction were treated with amifostine 800, 500 or 150 mg/m(2). The administered dose of 5-fluorouracil was significantly greater during amifostine treatment. Amifostine 800 mg/m(2) was associated with complete elimination of diarrhea, but 76.3% of patients developed infusion-related hypotension. At a dose of 500 mg/m(2), diarrhea was significantly reduced and milder compared with baseline and the incidence of hypotension was 54.2%. At the lowest dose of amifostine, 17.1% of patients developed Grade 1 diarrhea, a significant reduction over baseline, and hypotension occurred in 25.2% of patients. Treatment with amifostine also improved mucositis but had no effect on the relatively mild nausea and vomiting due to 5-fluorouracil. In this study, amifostine reduced the incidence and severity of diarrhea associated with 5-fluorouracil in patients with advanced colorectal cancer, with acceptable efficacy at a reduced dose that offered better tolerability.
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