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  • Title: Evolution, immune responses and stress: studies on molluscan cells.
    Author: Ottaviani E, Caselgrandi E, Fontanili P, Franceschi C.
    Journal: Acta Biol Hung; 1992; 43(1-4):293-8. PubMed ID: 1338555.
    Abstract:
    Using a variety of techniques we found the presence of ACTH and opioid-like molecules in the phagocytic spreading hemocytes (SH) and the serum of the mollusc Planorbarius corneus. In vitro experiments have shown that ACTH and beta-endorphin exert chemotactic activity on SH, while ACTH, but not beta-endorphin increases the phagocytic activity of SH. Moreover, ACTH and CRF provoked the release of biogenic amines from the hemocytes, mimicking a proto-stress type of response. Thus, the same mobile cell is capable of immune and proto-stress responses by using as mediators neuropeptides which remained fundamentally similar throughout evolution.
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