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  • Title: PROBABILITY-LEARNING BY THE TURTLE.
    Author: KIRK KL, BITTERMAN ME.
    Journal: Science; 1965 Jun 11; 148(3676):1484-5. PubMed ID: 14294140.
    Abstract:
    Tested in a two-choice situation, the painted turtle, Chrysemys picta picta, shows random probability-matching in visual problems and in confounded visual-spatial problems, but only maximizing or nonrandom matching (reward-following) in spatial problems. The results are compared with those of analogous experiments on fish, bird, and mammal.
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