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  • Title: Epidural morphine reduces halothane MAC in humans.
    Author: Schwieger IM, Klopfenstein CE, Forster A.
    Journal: Can J Anaesth; 1992 Nov; 39(9):911-4. PubMed ID: 1451218.
    Abstract:
    The effect of epidural morphine sulphate (4 mg in 10 ml saline) on the minimum alveolar concentration of halothane was investigated in a double-blind, randomized fashion in ten adult patients undergoing abdominal surgery, and compared with the minimum alveolar concentration of halothane after epidural administration of 10 ml saline in a similar group of patients. Morphine sulphate, administered through the epidural catheter 98 +/- 33 min before to skin incision reduced the minimum alveolar concentration of halothane by 28% (0.57% vs 0.78%, P < 0.05).
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