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  • Title: Control of Ixodes scapularis and Amblyomma americanum through use of the '4-poster' treatment device on deer in Maryland.
    Author: Carroll JF, Allen PC, Hill DE, Pound JM, Miller JA, George JE.
    Journal: Exp Appl Acarol; 2002; 28(1-4):289-96. PubMed ID: 14570143.
    Abstract:
    Deer self-treatment devices ('4-posters') were evaluated for their efficacy in reducing populations of blacklegged ticks, Ixodes scapularis, and lone star ticks, Amblyomma americanum. At each of three locations in Maryland, 25 '4-posters' were operated in study areas of approximately 5.18 km2. Populations of host-seeking ticks were monitored by flagging of treated areas and similar untreated control areas without '4-posters.' From 1998 to 2002 the percent mortalities achieved were 69, 75.8 and 80 at the three study sites infested with I. scapularis nymphs, and 99.5 and 95.3 for A. americanum nymphs at the two sites where this species occurred.
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