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  • Title: Differences in potency of intravenous polyspecific immunoglobulin G against streptococcal and staphylococcal superantigens: implications for therapy of toxic shock syndrome.
    Author: Darenberg J, Söderquist B, Normark BH, Norrby-Teglund A.
    Journal: Clin Infect Dis; 2004 Mar 15; 38(6):836-42. PubMed ID: 14999628.
    Abstract:
    Administration of intravenous polyspecific immunoglobulin G (IVIG) has been proposed as adjunctive therapy for toxic shock syndrome caused by Streptococcus pyogenes or Staphylococcus aureus. We investigated whether superantigen-containing culture supernatants prepared from streptococcal isolates (n=21) and staphylococcal isolates (n=20) from cases of severe sepsis were inhibited to an equal extent by IVIG in proliferation experiments that used human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. All 3 IVIG preparations tested were highly efficient in neutralizing the superantigens, and most supernatants were completely inhibited at concentrations ranging from 0.05 to 2.5 mg IVIG/mL. An important finding was that culture supernatants from S. pyogenes isolates were consistently inhibited to a greater extent than those of S. aureus isolates (P<.01). The findings demonstrate that staphylococcal superantigens are not inhibited as efficiently as streptococcal superantigens by IVIG, and, hence, a higher dose of IVIG may be required for therapy of staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome in order to achieve protective titers and clinical efficacy.
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