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  • Title: Use of whey ultrafiltrate as a substrate for production of carotenoids by the yeast Rhodotorula rubra.
    Author: Frengova G, Simova E, Beshkova D.
    Journal: Appl Biochem Biotechnol; 2004 Mar; 112(3):133-41. PubMed ID: 15007181.
    Abstract:
    Carotenogenesis of the lactose-negative yeast Rhodotorula rubra GED5 was studied by cocultivation with Kluyveromyces lactis MP11 in whey ultrafiltrate (WU) (35, 50, and 70 g of lactose/L). Maximum yields of cell mass (24.3 g/L) and carotenoids (10.2 mg/L of culture fluid or 0.421 micro g/g of dry cells) were obtained by growing the microbial association in WU (50 g of lactose/L) in a fermentor with an airflow rate of 0.8 L/(L.min), agitation of 220 rpm, and temperature of 30 degrees C. The identified carotenoid pigments-beta-carotene, torulene, and torularhodin-reached maximum concentrations (133, 26.9, and 222.3 microg/g of dry cells, respectively) on d 5 for torulene and d 6 for beta-carotene and torularhodin.
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