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  • Title: Management of ureteral stones by extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy using Lithostar lithotriptor.
    Author: el-Gammal MY, Fouda AA, Meshref AW, Abu-el-Magd AN, Farag FA, el-Katib SE.
    Journal: J Urol; 1992 Sep; 148(3 Pt 2):1086-7. PubMed ID: 1507339.
    Abstract:
    In 282 patients 290 ureteral stones were treated with extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy using the Lithostar lithotriptor. Stones were in the upper ureter in 198 units (68.3%), middle ureter in 36 (12.4%) and lower ureter in 56 (19.3%). The average stone mass was 11.9 mm. and the mean number of shock waves was 4,913 for all levels with a mean kv. of 16.9. The average number of sessions was 1.5 for all sites. Auxiliary measures in the form of ureteral catheterization were done in 24 patients (8.5%) and internal stenting in 12 (4.25%), all of whom had upper or middle ureteral stones. Disintegration of the stones was achieved in 99% of the upper, 93.7% of the middle and 91.7% of the lower ureteral stones. However, clearance of fragments within 3 months from the last session was achieved in 94.8% of the upper, 87.5% of the middle and 91.7% of the lower ureteral stones for an overall stone-free rate of 93.3%.
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