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  • Title: Can we really do without self-esteem? Comment on Crocker and Park (2004).
    Author: Pyszczynski T, Cox C.
    Journal: Psychol Bull; 2004 May; 130(3):425-9; discussion 430-4. PubMed ID: 15122928.
    Abstract:
    Because self-esteem plays a central role in managing anxiety and provides a superordinate goal that organizes much human behavior, the authors conclude that it would be extremely difficult and probably impossible for people to stop pursuing self-esteem. Although they agree that investment in others' welfare may circumvent some of the negative consequences of self-esteem pursuit, the authors argue that the self-esteem implications of other-oriented behavior will inevitably be a powerful motivating force. Finally, the authors propose that self-esteem derived from self-determined standards of value may reduce defensiveness, closed-mindedness, and indifference to others, as well as promote personal growth, but they acknowledge the daunting barriers to the attainment of such self-determined bases of self-worth.
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