These tools will no longer be maintained as of December 31, 2024. Archived website can be found here. PubMed4Hh GitHub repository can be found here. Contact NLM Customer Service if you have questions.


Pubmed for Handhelds

PUBMED FOR HANDHELDS

Search MEDLINE/PubMed

  • Title: Treatment effects of methylphenidate on cognitive functioning in children with mental retardation and ADHD.
    Author: Pearson DA, Santos CW, Casat CD, Lane DM, Jerger SW, Roache JD, Loveland KA, Lachar D, Faria LP, Payne CD, Cleveland LA.
    Journal: J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry; 2004 Jun; 43(6):677-85. PubMed ID: 15167084.
    Abstract:
    OBJECTIVE: Cognitive effects of stimulant medication were investigated in children with mental retardation (MR) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). METHOD: Performance on tasks tapping sustained attention, visual and auditory selective attention, inhibition, and immediate memory was assessed for 24 children (mean age 10.9 years) during a placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover treatment trial with 0.15, 0.30, and 0.60 mg/kg b.i.d. dosages of methylphenidate (MPH). RESULTS: Successively higher MPH doses were associated with consistent gains in cognitive task performance, with optimal performance noted at the highest dose. Analysis of dose-response curves revealed significant linear components of trend on measures tapping sustained attention, visual selective attention, auditory selective attention, as well as two tasks tapping inhibition/impulsivity: delay of gratification and match-to-sample. No evidence of a curvilinear dose-response relationship emerged for any measure. CONCLUSIONS: Inattention and disinhibition/impulsivity decline with MPH treatment in children with ADHD/MR, and consistent with the Multimodal Treatment Study of ADHD, higher MPH doses are most effective. These findings also suggest that cognitive testing, together with behavioral and medical assessment, can be an effective tool in assessing stimulant response in children with ADHD/MR.
    [Abstract] [Full Text] [Related] [New Search]